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F. sAUERsmoM.

1vPEwmER.

APPLICATION FILED AUG.17, 1937 N n 1,367,991 Patented; ivob. 1921s,

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A TRA/EVS TYPEWRITER, APPLICATION FILED AUG. l?, 1917.

1,367,991. 9mm ma. s; 1921.

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INVENTR."

F. SATTERSTROM.

TYPEWRITER.

lAPPLICATION man AuG.17,1911. 1,367,991. Patented Feb. 8, 1921.

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F. SATIERSTRONI.

TYPEWRITER.

APPLICATION FILED AuG.-|7. 1917. 1,36%1 e Patented Feb. 8, 1921.

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lOl 04 'H8 "5 /A/VENTOR: w/TNESSES: FEfPo//VAND sA-rTERsTRoM.

@un E@ ATTORNEYS.

F. SATTERSTROM.

TYPEWRITER.

. APPLICATION FIL' .1 7. 1,367,991. g' Patented Feb. 8,1921.

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FEB-DIENAND SATTERSTROM, OF HASTINGS, MINNESOTA, ASSIGNOR TO MAGNETICPOWVER TRANSMITTER COMPANY, OF FARIBAULT, MINNESOTA, `.A CORPORA- TIONOF MINNESOTA.

TYPEWRITER.

Application led August 17, 1917. Serial No. 186,698.

To all w 7mm` t may concern.'

Be it known that L FERDINAND Szxtrfrnns'rnoM, a citizen of the UnitedStates, resident of Hastings, in the county of Dakota and State ofMinnesota, have invented certain new and vuseful Improvements inTypewriters, of which the following is a speciication.

The invention relates to improvements in typewriters designed forwriting upon sheets of paper, or upon the leaves of bound books, whilethe same are held ina horizontal 0r flat position. Machines of this typeare largely used for billing purposes and must be capable of writingupon large sheets of paper.

rl`he`object of my invention is to provide a machine of this class"adapted for use with either large or small flat sheets of paper, or withvarious sizes of bound books, and at the same time capable of beingoperated at great speed to produce accurate and neatly printed work. y Y

rllhe invention consists generally in electrically actuated meanscontrolled by the type keys for setting` type-bar actuating rods inAposition to be operated.

The invention consists further -in providing a machine of this classwith a continuously rotating shaft armature, and a co` operatingrotatable magnet, electrically clutched to the shaft armature by theopera-` tion of any key ofthe keyboard, and furnishing the means foroperating any typebar actuating rod, which has been previously set bythe operation of a key.

The invention 'consists further in means for demagnetizing the rotatingmagnet and positively stopping the same `at the end of each revolution.

rlhe invention consists further in the constructions and combinationshereinafter described and particularly pointed out in the claims. j

In the accompanying drawings forming part of this specification:

Figurel is a plan view of a machine embodying my invention, the frameand parts of the mechanism being` broken away to permit showing theessential features on the single sheet of drawings,

section.

r0f Fig. 11.

Figa 2 is aside elevation witha portion ofthe frame and paper holdingplaten in Fig. Bis a plan view of the type carriage,

thecover thereof being partly broken away.

` carriage and illustrating the arrangement of a single type bar, andalso showing a ysingle 'key Lon the keyboard and lllustratingtheelectrical connection between the circuit closers operatedby the keyandthe operatn `ing mechanism for the typev ban the parts being inYnormal position;

Fig. 7 is a view illustrating the same parts of the type ycarriagev thatare shownby Fig.,

6, with'the type bar and type in position' to make any impression uponthe. paper.

Figs. 8, 8 and 9 illustrate the rotating magnet and parts cooperatingvtherewith -in positions differing from those-shown in Figs. 6 and 7. 'i

Fig. 10 is a detail showing the parts that are illustratedl` in Fig. 6at the completion of the operation but` prior to the release of the key.

Fig. 11 is a side elevation and partial section of a portion of the typecarriage, showing particularly 'the rotatable magnet and the partcoperating therewith.'

. Specification of Letters Patent. i Patnted Feb. k8, 1921.

Fig. 12 is a vertical section on line`12--12 Fig. 13 isa detail sectionon line l3-l3 of Fig. l1,V looking in the direction ofthe arrow. Fig. 14is an elevation of in Fig. 11, but looking atk the-device from theopposite side ofthe machine.'vr y i.

Fig. 15 is a detail illustrating the 'escapement for the type carriageandthe means for actuatingthesame. i -l the parts shown' and shaftarmature `with which it coperates;

In the yaccompanying drawings forming part ofthis specification, thevarious elements are Vdesignated throughout by similar referencecharacters.

Table cmd paper-'supporting platen.

vThe frame or table which supports the working parts of the machine isrepresented in thedrawings by the reference letter A. This table ispreferably provided with suitable legs 2 and carries a stationary platenD upon which `a sheet of paper that is to be written upon (representedby a in Fig. 1),

Vmay be placedandheld in any suitable manner. I have here shown arrangedat the left side of the platen (see Fig. 1S) a clip plate 4, carriedbyashaft 6 which extends to the front of the platen and is provided withfinger-piece 7. YSpring arms 5 tend to hold the' clip plate against theplaten. ByV bearing down upon this finger-piece the shaft is partiallyrotated, and the clip plate. 4 is raised. The -leftehand edge of thesheetV may then beY inserted underfthe clip plate,

. its back edge beine' brought against a ledge or lining up shoulder 8.1 AT he platen B may be of any size desired,

.and the sizeof the sheet to be written upon is limited only by the sizeof the platen.

By employing a suitable platen the machine may also be used for writingupon-the pages of bound books.

kThe table is also provided, near its lat eral edgestwith parallel rails9. 9, which extend substantially from the front to the .rear of themachine, and each rail has a seriesof teeth 12, forming a rack-bar onAthe top thereof. These teeth 12 are slightly narrower than the rail 9,thereby providing a narrow ledge lrat the top ofthe rail on each sidevofthe rack.

' n The keyboard.

The keyboard which, asa whole, llldesi'gnate by the reference letter Cis preferably of substantiallyrectangular form and rigidly secured tothe front part of the table in front vof the paperv supporting platen.This `keyboard is providedwith a series ot .keys 10, preferably arrangedin banks or rows. and with a spacing key Vor bar 11.

The Vkeyboard is also provided with a series of circuit closers,hereinafter described, and suitable electric conductors connect thecircuit closers on the keyboard with the operating magnets on the typecarriage.

Type-carriage base-frames.

Arranged upon the table or supporting frame of the machine is arectangular frame D, which I term the type-carriage baseframe. Thisframe is provided with the side rails 14, 14, preferably of the fornishown in sideelevation in Fig. 2, and each having at its forward orfront end the upwardly extending posts 15, and near its rear the shorterupwardly extending shoulders 16. The posts 15 are connected preferablynear their upper ends by a transverse rod 17, preferably held inposition by suitable nuts 18, and the rear ends of the siderails 14- areconnected by a rod 19 held in position bysuitable` nuts 20. The siderails 14 and the rods 17 and 19 together form a firm and substantialrectangular frame. TWhen the frame is in position upon the machine asshown in Figs. 1 and 2, the side rails 14 extend downward outside of andin close proximity to the stationary rails 9. This carriage is providedwith wheels 21 each having a series of teeth engaging the teeth of theco-acting rack-bar 12, and with smooth faced rims 22 on each side of thegear teeth of the wheel, and these rims rest upon the ledges 13 atopposite sides of the rack-bars 12, whereby the carriage D is sup-Yported and adapted to move back and forth freely upon the rails 9. Ashaft 23 is mounted at its ends near the rear end of .the base-frame Din the side rails 14, and

the rear wheels 21 are fixed upon said shaft 23, whereby the wheels atboth ends of the shaft must move together over the rack-bars therebycausing both ends of the base-frame to move together and keeping saidframe always in alinement with the rails 9 on the table. The base-frameD may be freely moved backward or away from the keyboard by merely beingpushed in that direction -by the operator. For the-'purpose of readilypermitting the base-frame to be moved forward at any time the requireddistance to change the position of the paper in respect to the line oftype to be printed, I provide a short shaft 24 upon which one of thewheels 21 is secured.V This short shaft preferably carries the forwardwheel 21 at the left-hand side of the base-frame. The shaft 24 ismounted in rigid bearings provided in one of the posts 15 and in a post25 secured to the side of one of the rails 14. The shaft 24 is alsoprovided with a ratchet wheel 2G and a hand-lever 27`is provided for thepurpose of operating said ratchet wheel. adjustable stop lscrew 28 and astop lug 29 are provided forregulating the movement of said ratchetWheel. These parts are common in connection With typewriter carriagesand need not be more particularly described herein.

By operating the hand-lever 27 the corresponding Wheel 21 is turned, andthereby the base frame of the carriage is moved for- Ward, or toward thekeyboard, a distance equal to the space itis desired to provide betweentvvo lines of typevvriting. Through the means valready described bothsides of the base-frame Will be caused to move in unison. rlhebase-frame may be moved backward at any time by simply being.

grasped by the operator and pushed back- Ward or :away from thekeyboard, and the front edge of the platen. f

The base-frame is also provided With a transverse rail 28 provided-Witha series of teeth 29, forming a rack-bar, and with a ledge 30extending along its side and parallel with said rack-bar. T his rail issecured at its ends to the rails 14, preferably by having its faceclamped against the shoulders 16 thereon. lThe rail 28 forms means forsupporting the rear edge of the type carriage, and also forms means i'orguiding said carriage'transversely of the base-iframe during thetypeWritingy operation, as hereinat'ter described.

Type-Umwege frame and supporting merma.

the rod 17 (see Figs. 1 and 2). At its rear the plate 31 is providedwith the Vbrackets and 36. These brackets are provided With thehorizontally arranged pairs ot' guide-Wheels 37, 37, which engage thefront and rear surfaces oiE the transverse rail 28. The bracket 35 isprovided with upwardly extending lugs 38 in. which is mounted a shortshaft 39 provided with a wheel 40 that rests upon the ledge 30 ontherail 28. The bracket 36 is also provided with the upwardly extendinglugs 41 infvvhich is mounted a short shaft 32.V This shaft is providedwith a loosely mountedvvheel 43 that rests upon the ledge 30,7saidvvheel being :formed integrally vvith `a sleeve 44 and pinion 45, thepinion 45 being in mesh with the rack-bar 28.v The sleeve 44Y has aclutch yaceithat is engaged With a correthereof. Y

spending clutch face 46 formed on a tivopart sleeve that is capable ofsliding longitudinally on the shaft 42, but is compelled to `rotate withthe escapement Wheel 48 also of the clutch are held normally againsteach other by a spring 47. rPhe clutch members may be separated whendesired by a lever 47 to` which is connected a push-bar 47 provided onthe shaft 42. The tvvo members f that extends to the front of thecarriage.

.any desired means may, however, `beieinployed for separating thev partsof the clutch. rlhe' type ycarriage is provided with an escapementarranged to be vibrated by a lever 50 connected to an actuating rod 51,the

means for actuating this rod being hereinafter described (see Figs. 1, 3and 15). j L

As shown in Fig. 15 the escapeinent is provided With-a ratchet Wheel 55and a pivoted dog 56 engages` this ratchet Wheel and prevents anybackwardy or reverse movement InFig. 19 l have shovvn the diferentlposoysitions assumed by thedogs49a and49b oi i the escapement, Whileit isbeing operatedr to permit the escapement' Wheel 48 to turn one tooth. Ashereshovvn the dog 49a is formed integrally'with a sleeve 49 Whichrissecured 'to the upright shaft 57. The lever 50 is securedto the upperend of the shaft 57, and as said lever Vis oscillated the dogs ,arevibrate'd laterally.

The dog 49" is pivoted to the `dog 49a and is provided with aspring 49(see Figs. 15

and 17 byvwhich, when the end or this l dog is net in engagement withone of the teeth of the escapement Wheel, its tree' end will be raisedinto the position shown in Figs. 15and 19.

By examining theposition of these dogs as illustrated in the detailviews, lfig; 19, the .action ot the escapement dogsinpermitting theescapeinent Wheel to turn one tooth lwith each lateral oscillation otthe ,y

dogs will be readily understood.y y

type-carriage actuating spring is provided'in a barrel 52 andis'fconnected to the type carriage by a steel orvr other suit-ableribbon or flexible connection 53.

'ihe arrangement of a spring vfor moving the typevcarriage in onedirection, the spring being Wound up as the carriage is moved by theoperator in the other direction,` and the faction of an escapement,permitting the Vtype-carriageto be moved by a spring, step f by step, asthe type bars are actuated, is common in'type-vvriters and will notherein be more particularly described.

:rae may" atten. n

-I have .indicatedl bythe reference letter Ein Figs.` 1 and 7of thedrawings an inking ribbonpvvhich is arranged position to be struckbythetype above the paper as they y iis 'The gpc-bars md their operatingrods.

The plate 31 of the type carriageris provided, Apreferably at theforward central part thereof, with a series of grooves60, all extendingon lines radiating Jfrom a common center. The plate 31 is preferablymade considerably thicker at the portion inv which the grooves areformed than it is in its other parts, anda semi-circular opening 1sprovided toward which this thicker surface Y slopes. The grooves 60 areformed in this thickened portion of the plate, as clearly shown 1inFigs. 3 and 11 of the draw-ings. A type-bar 61 is provided in each ofthese i, grooves (see Figs.v y6 and 7), and these bars -are provided attheir free ends with the desired type 62. There are as many of thesepivoted type-bars as there are type in the machine.v The type-bars 61stand in the position shown in Fig. 6 of the drawings and they swingdownward in their respectivegrooves until the type strike the ribbonover the paper as illustratedin Fig. 7. A type-bar actuating rod 63having a notch or slot 64 near its upper end is connected to the end ofeach of the type bars 61. A spring 65 is connected to each of the rods63 and to the plate 31. The upper end of'each of the rods 63 engages aguide slot 65 in the stationary guiding plate 66.

Arranged in the rear andy opposite each of the type bars 61 is anelectromagnet 67 provided with `polepieces 68, and a lever armature 69is pivoted to therear of each of the 1nagnets67 and its upper end isconnected to the rod 63 by a link 70.

Arranged in suitable bearings on the typecarriage is a verticallymovable standard 71 carrying a horizontally extending yoke or type baractuator 72, having at its outer edge a horizontal rib 73. This rib 73stands in close proximity. to the slots 64 in therods 63 (see Fig. 6)when the type bars are elevated and the rods are in the normal Vposi- -Yment with the rib 73v on the yoke or type bar actuator 72, asillustrated by dotted lines in Fig. 6 and by full lines in Fig. 7, suchmovement of the standard 71 will cause the i type-bar, whose operatingrod is thus ention shown in Fig. 6 to the position shown in Fig. 7,thereby causing the character represented by the type on such type-bar,to be printed upon the paper.

The ccg/ actuated circuit closer-s.

by an insulating plate 77. The springs serve to hold thekeys normally inthe raised position shown in Fig. 4 of the drawings. Two insulatedcircuit closing strips 78 and 79 eX- tend crosswise beneath each rowofsprings 75. The strips 78 and 79 are insulated from each other and thestrips 78, for the several rows of keys, are connected by the conductors8O and 81, with a battery 82, to which is connected a grounded conductor83. A conductor 84 is electrically connected with each of the springs75, and extends to and is connected with the corresponding electromagnet67 to which a grounded conductor 85 is connected. Vith this arrangementof parts when any one of the keys 1() is depressed, to the extentindicated by dotted lines in Fig. 6, its spring' 75 is brought intocontact with a conducting strip 78 and the circuit Vis closed throughthe corresponding magnet 67. This magnet then pulls the armature 69intoy the position shown by dotted lines in Fig. 6, and causes thecorresponding rod 63 to engage, through its notch 64 with the rib 73 onthe yoke or actuator 72, thereby putting the corresponding keybar inposition Vto be moved by the vertical movement of the yoke or actuator72, as hereinbefore eX- plained.

When the key that has been depressed is released by the removal of theinger oi" the operator therefrom, it isrraised by the correspondingspring to its original or normal position, and this movement breaks thecircuit formed through said spring and the Conducting strip 7 8. I haveshown a plate of insulating material 76 to which all of the springs 75,for a single row of keys, are secured. I have here shown each springheld in place on the insulating plate by a small bolt 86, provided,beneath the plate, with a nut 87 and forming a binding post with whichthe corresponding conductor 84 is connected. Any suitable means may,how-V ever, be employed for holdingl and insulating the springs and forconnecting the conductors 84 therewith.

The continuously moving motor.

The machine is provided with a suitable continuously running motor,which I have designated by the reference letter F. I prefer to employ asuitable electric motor as shown in Figs. 1, 2, 11 and 12 of the myselfthereto, as any suitable motor that may be continuously operated at auniform speed to continuously rotate a shaft may be employed.

The rotaia?) Ze magnet.

Arranged above the shaft 91 and parallel and in close proximity thereto1s aV rotatable magnet G, Which is energized each time one of the keys10 is depressed. Whcn this magnet is energized it moves against and is Yclutched to the rotating shaft armature and is caused to rotatetherewith, vto the extent of one complete revolution. yThe magnet 1smountedupon a freely rotatingv shaft 93 which isv provided witha crankdisk 94and a crank pin 95. The vcrank pin 95 is connected by aconnecting rod 96 with a stud 97 on the vertically movable ystandard 71.The rotatable magnet is energized by the closing of circuit through theinsulated contact strip 79, by the further `movement ofany key 10 afterthe closing of a circuit through the insulated strip 78.y ln other Wordsthe first movement of the key closes the circuit through the magnet 07and a further moveinent of the same key, bringing the spring into theposition shown in Fig. 10 of the drawings, closes the circuit through,the rotatable magnet.

lt will be seen, therefore, that each time the key isdepressed thecorresponding magnet 67 is first energized, to bring the typebaractuating rod into position to be operated, and vthat a further movementof the key causes the rotatable magnet to be energized and clutched tothe continuously rotating shaft armature whereby the yoke or actuator 72is moved up and dovvnand then to operate the type-baruwhose actuan ingrod has been brought into engagement therewith.

As here shown the type-carriage frame is provided with the verticalstandards r93 and 99, the upper portions of thesestandardsbeingpreferably off-set and curved as shown in Figs. 12 and 13of the drawings. Fivoted to the upper ends of these standards is a bar100 which carries the laterally projecting heads 101. These heads arenearly circular in forni andthey provide Vbearings for the shaft 93. Themagnet '2t is preferf the ends of the spool, these disks beingpreferably of the same size and the diameter as" the ends of the spool(see Fig. 16). LThese disks 104 are not necessary to the operation ofthemachine and maybe omitted if desired. Y .V

The bar 100 is provided With a tail piece 105 (see Fig. 9) to which aspring 106 is connected. lThis spring has its'y opposite end connectedtothe standard98 and it tends to rock the bar 100 on its pivot andtherebyk to raise the magnet from the shaft armature 91. The crank disk94 on the end of the shaft 93 has ay notch 107 in its periphery and apivoted dog 108 is provided having a lug 109 adapted Vto'engage saidrecess 107. y'lo insure .the lug 109 `engaging the recessy 107, and notjumping 'over the same, l 'Ypreferto cut down the edge of the disk onthe side of the notch 107, over which the lug 109 passes `as it enterssaidjnotch `(see Fig. 9). A spring 110 is connected to the dog 108 (seeFig. 9) and to a pin 111. This pin tends to hold the dog snugly againstthe edge of the crank disk so las to insure the lug 109 entering thenotch in the edge of Vthe crank disk. For increasing and decreasing thetensions of thespring 110 I provide preferably special means hereinafterdescribed. y

I'also provide on the Vshaft 93 a cam 112, the edge of Which isin theform ofa radially extending lug. A block 113is pivot-` ed on a suitablesupport and this block has an upward extension 113 Which projects intothe plane of the cam 112 and is engaged by said cam, Which action rocksthe block '113 uponV its pivotal support. The block 113 carries thevinsulated contact springs 114 and 115, as shovvn in Fig. 8 ofthedrawings. An insulating block 117 is mounted on the bar and carries acontact spring 118 that is in contact with the ring 119 on one end ofthe rotatablefmagnet (see Figs.

k4 and 13). lThis ring is connected to the conductor 103 of the magnet.

The insulating block 117 has preferably a recess extending throughitwith a contact screw7 110 projecting through one .wall of the recess.A Contact point 120is provided on the spring 118 (see Fig. 4). Thecontact springs 114 and 115 project into thevrecess in the block 117 andstand opposite thevcontact screw 116 and pointy 120, 'as yclearly shownin Figs. 4, 6, 7, 8 and-10. When theY end of theprojection 113 on theblock 113 is engaged'by the cam 112, the block 113 is rocked and movesthe contact spring 114 into engagement with the end of the contact screw11d, as illustrated in Figs. 8 and 10 end Vof the screw 116, and the endoi the contact. spring 115 is in engagement with the contacty point120011 thespring 118, as illus-V trated in Figs. 11, 6 and 7. A spring12sL is mounted on arbar 125, that is connected to the standards 98and99,and this rspring ,engages aheel or lug 126, provided on the block113, thereby tending to rock the block 113 so as to vhold the Contactspring 115 at all times inengagement with the Contact point 120, Whilepermitting it to be moved away when the cam projection 112 Vpasses theup Wardly extending projection 113 on the block 113. Y

VSecured to therbloclr 100'is a plate 127 carrying apair 'of smallhangers 128, and an electro-magnet 129 is vmounted inthese yhangers (seeFigs. 8, 10 and 111) An armature 130 for this magnetv is secured upon asmall rock shaft 131. r1`he dog 108 is loosely mounted upon the shaft131, and the pin 111Y is inserted` in the shaft 131 and extends lthroughy a slot in the hub or" the dog 108 (see Fig. 6). .To the end ofthe pin 111 is cono nected thespring 110, which Vis also connected tothe dog 108. rifhe lug109 on the dog 108 rides on the edge ci' the camdisk Y 94 while the current is passing through the Y rotatable magnet. s

vVlien'the projection 112 engages the upwardly extending projection onthe block 113 the curr-ent .is broken through the rotatable magnet andas the spring 114 engages the end of the Contact screw 116 the currentis passed through the magnet 129 by means of the conductor 132 (seeFigs. 8 and 14). This causes the armature to be drawn toward the` magnet129 rocking the shaft 131 slightly upon its axis and moving fthe pin 111with said shaft thereby increasing the tension on the spring 110. Thisoccurs `just at the instant the projection 109 on kthe `dog 108 comesopposite the recess 107 in the-edge of the cam dish 91, thereby causingsaid projection to be quickly y'and firmly drawninto said recess andpositively stopping the rotating movement of the magnet.' Y f Thepurpose or" this'is to prevent any overrun of the rotating magnet afterthe circuit broken and the magnet has been demag netized. As the magnetrotates very rapidly it might slightly over-run it this positive stopwas not provided.

contact strip 79 to the insulated block 134 secured upon the rockingblock 113, and are electrically connected with the contact springs 114and 115. Normally the spring 115 is in contact with the contact point120 on the contact spring 118, so that when any key is depressed asuiiicient distance to bring its spring 75 in contact vwith both of Vthestrips and 79, the rotatable magnet will be'energiZ-ed, the path of thecurrent being in this instance from the battery 82 through theconductors 81 and 80 to the contact strip 7 8,.through the spring 7 5 tothe Contact stri*i rl' l 79; through one or the conductors 133, thespring 115 and the spring 118 to the ring 119, thence through the coilsont the magnet to a ground conductor 135. les the rotatable magnetapproaches the end of a single revolution the contact spring 114C ismoved against the end oi' the contact screw 116, and the spring 115 isnow vsvv'itched oil'a trom the rotatable magnet and through the smallmagnet 129.. fis this magnet is energized its armature 130 is drawntoward it and the shaft`131 is rockedthereby insuring the engagement ofthe lug 109 on the dog 108 with the recess 107 in the crank dish 91, andpositively stopping the rotatable magnet at the right point. 1When theoperator releases the key the circuit through the magnet 129 is brokenand the parts are returned to their normal position, ready for the nentoperation. Y

is the shaft 131 is rocked back to its normal position the tension onthe spring 110 is relieved and the dog 108 is restored to its normalposition indicated in Fig. 6 oi the drawing, with its lug 109 out ofengagement with the recess 107 in the crank dish. rPhe rotatable magnetis, therefore, free to move again as soon as a current is passed throughits coils and it is again energized andV clutched to the constantlyrunning shaft armature.

Means for operating the esoapemeat.

1 have already described the construction of the preferred form ofescapement, and have stated that it was operated by means of a rod 51.This rod as shown in Fig. 15 of the drawings is connected to theconnecting rod 96, and as the upper end of this 'connecting rod isconnected to the crank pin on the disk 94,'said connecting rod not onlyhas an up and down motion but its upper part has a to-and-fro orsideto-side motion. This movement imparts a longitudinal reciprocationto the rod 51, which gives a rocking motion to the upright shaft 57 andoperates the escapement in the manner hereinbe tore described. By thismeans the escapement is operated each time the rotatable magnet iscaused to niakea revolution, and as hereinbei'ore explained, Yeach timethe escapement is operated the type carriage is permitted to move onespace from left to right; f Y The spacing device.

It is frequently desirable to operate the escapement so as to permit amovement of the carriage without operating any of the type bars. To dothis with this machine it is only necessary to close the circuit throughthe rotatable magnet without having first brought the operating rod ofany type-bar into position to be engaged by the vertically moving yoke72. pose I providea spacing key 11 arranged to move a spring 141 intocontact with two of the contact springs 78 and 79, without closingvthecircuitthroughiany one of the magnets 67. By this means theescapement will be operated so as to permit the type-A carriage to bemoved one space without any character being printedfon the paper. Byrepeating the operation of the space key the carriage maybe moved asmany spaces as desired. i A

General operation. 'Ihe general operationof the machine will,

it is believed, be understood from the foregoing description. There are,however, some features of the invention that are yespecially valuableand that should be emphasized.

In ordinary typewriters where there is a direct connection between thekeys and the type bars, there considerable elasticity in the touch ofthe operator. This prevents any undue pounding of the parts of themachine. Where, however, it has been attempted to operate the type barsby any l tating shaft armature. This slippage is liust To accomplishthis pur operating rods to engage the vertically movable yoke.. Afurther depression of the key will close the circuit through therotatable magnet asalready explained andv will cause' this magnet to.`be clutched to the continuously rotating shaft armature, thereby raisingand lowering the yoke and operating the type-bar whose operatingrodhasbeen engaged with said yoke.. It .isatthis point in the operationthatlthe4 slight slippage referred to takes place. Insteadof having anunyielding connection between the yoke and the means for applying powerthereto to reciprocate it, I provide inthe devices de-y scribed meansthatpermit a slight slippage between the vertically movable standardandthe continuously rotating shaft. 'Ihe'elec-` tric `clutch hereindescribed permits this slippage, which contributes very/largely to thesuccessful operation of the machine.

Moreover, it will be notedthatthe rotatable magnet when not in operationis absolutely free to move as soon asv power is applied to it, and whencurrent is passed through its coils vthe attractionv between the polesof the magnet and the continuously rotating shaft armature causes themagnet to be clutched to lthe armature and to rotate therewith. It is atthis point in the opera`- tion that the slippage above referred tooccurs, and the action of the parts ismuch softer and devoid of the jerkthat would be experienced if a positive connection, such as gears, wasprovided between they rotating shaft and the means for moving thestandrd and yoke vertically to operatethe type As the shaft armature isformedofsoft steel and as therot'atable magnet is clutched closely tosaid shaft, each time they magnet is energized, there mightv be atendency to cause the poles of the magliette produce groovescircumferentially in the .soft steelshaft armature. I overcome thishowever, by providing the diskslO of insulating ma vIl() terial at theends of the magnet of substanf tially the same diameter as the, ends oftheV spool forming the pole pieces of the magnet. These disks ofinsulating material comein contact with the surface of the shaft armature and prevent any grooves being formed therein by the contact of thepole pieces of the magnet with said armature.`

Another importantfeature of the machine is found in the arrangement ofthe rotatable magnet and the small controllingmag; net that operates thelock for the krotatabie magnet. n

The rotatable magnet cannot be energized or caused to rrotate untilafter the appropriate key-rod has been broughtinto position to beengaged by the actuating yoke of the machine. The action of the:rotatable magnet in moving the yoke must take place after theappropriate type-bar operating laterally in both directions rod has beenput into position to be engaged gized and has performed its function ofvmoving such rod intoiposition to be engaged by the yoke, the rotatablemagnet is energized and clutched to the constantly rotating shaftarmature as already described,

and makes a complete'revolution With said .shaft armature. lWhen thisVcomplete revolution of the rotatable magnet has Vbeen practicallycompleted the current is switched off from the rotatable magnet and ontothe stationary magnet thatactuates the stopping device. As soon as thislast named magnet has been energized it puts the stopping device inposition to stop the movement of the rotating magnet. When the movementof the rotatable'magnet isstopped l the current is cut out of bothmagnets, upon the release ofthe key, and both magnets remain dead untilthey are energized again' in succession. Itis Unpossible to energizeVthe stopping magnet until after'the rotatable magnet has been energizedand has operated.

It Will, therefore, be seen that the three magnets, all of Which havethe circuits closed through them by the depression of any character key,must be enero-ized and must act in succession, the magnet that .movesthe type-bar operating rod into position to be moved by thereciprocating yoke being first energized, the rotatable or clutch magnetbeing next energized, and linally the magnet for stopping the rotatablemagnet being last energized.V These parts Will, therefore, perform theirfunctions in order, one after the other, and at the close of theoperation, or when the clutch has been demagnetized and stopped, theparts Will be in position for another operation, which Will be broughtabout by the depression ofany After these magnets have been energized insuccession and the operation of printing from one of the characterscarried by the ykey-bars has been completed, no further operation can beobtained until the operated key has been released, and has been chine.

` believe that l have also made a desirable and valuable improvement inconnecting the escapement device to the connecting rod, so that theescapement dogs are moved by poweirfrom the rotating shaft. i Y

It is' customary in typewriters to move the escapement dogs in onedirection by power applied by the operator through the keys,

isere-er i and to put a spring under compression or tension at the sametime Which will move the escapement Vdogs in the opposite direction.This makes it necessary to employ a spring of considerable power, andthe escapement must be Yoperated in one direction against the force ofthis spring. By connecting the actuating rod for the escapenient dogs tothe connecting rod 96, the longitudinal reciprocation oftherod 5l inboth directions is obtained from the continuously rotatingv shaft, andthe escapement dogs are moved in both directions by power, and l obviatethe employment of a spring to move the escapement dogs in one direction.

l do not limit myself to the details of construction herein shoWn anddescribed as the same maybe varied'in many particulars Without departingfrom my invention.

Iclaim as my invention: A

l. In a machine of the class described, th combination With a series oftype-bars, an actuatingjrod for each typeebar and Van electro-magnet foreach actuating rod, of -a series of keys, means electrically connectingsaid keys and said magnet, a rotatable shaft, means for continuouslydriving said shaft, an actuator, means controlled by said keys forcausing any selected actuating rod to be i'oved into lthe'path of saidactuator, and

means controlled by said keys, causing said actuator to be connectedwith and moved by said shaft.

2. ln a machine of the class described, the combination, of a seriesl ofkeys and typebars, an actuating rod foreach type-bar normally inopposite position, anl electromagnet for each rod under the control ofthe key for moving the rod to a position Where it may be operated, anactuator for said rod, a constantly rotating shaft, an.r means under thecontrol'of any of the selected keys for operatively connectingA saidshaft with said actuator.

ln a machine of the class described, the coinbinatioii,'With a series oftype-bars, of a rotatable shaft and means for continuously driving saidshaft, of a type-bar actuator, a series of keys, means controlled bysaid keys for connecting any selected type-bar with said actuator, andelectromagnet means, also controlled by said keys, connecting` saidactuator and said shaft.

il. in a machine of the class described, the combinationfwith a seriesof type bars, of a rotatable shaft armature, and means for conkeys forenergizing said electricclutch memv Y ator common to all of said` typebars, an electric clutch member arranged to operatively connect saidactuator and said shaft armature, ya series of keys, and means,controlled by any one of said keys, connecting any selected type-barwith said actuator. y 6. In a machine of the class described, thecombinatiomwith a series of type-bars, of an actuator common to all ofsaid type bars, a rotating shaft armature, an electric clutch memberarranged to operatively connect said actuator and 'said shaft armature,a series of keys, means controlled byA said keys for bringing anyselected type-bar into connection with said actuator, and meansvcontrolled by said keys forenergizing said clutch member. Y

7. In machine of the class described, the combination, with a series oftype bars, of an actuator common to all of said type bars, a rotatingshaft armature and Van electric clutch member arranged to operativelyconnect said shaft armature and said actuator.

S. In a machine of the class described, the

combination, with a series of type bars, of an, Y actuator common to allkof saidtype bars, a

rotatingv shaft armature, an electric clutch member arranged tooperatively connect said shaft armature and said actuatoigwa series of`keys, and means controlled by any one of said ber. l

. 9. In a machine of tlm lass described, the` i combination, With aseries oftype bars, of an actuator common to all of said type bars, arotating shaft armature, an electric clutch member arranged tooperatively connect said shaft armature and said actuator, aseries ofkeys, means, controlled by any one of said keys, for connecting anyselected type-bar with said actuator, and means, also controlled by anyone of said keys, for energizing said electric clutch member after thetype bar controlled by the same key has been connected with saidactuator; f

10. In a'machine of the class described, the combination, with atype-bar, of an actuator therefor, a rotating shaft armature, anelectric clutch'member arranged to operatively connect said shaftarmature and said actuator, a key, and means controlled. by said keycombination, with a series of type bars, of a rotating shaft armature, arotatable electromagnet arranged-in proximity to said shaft armature,means for yieldingly retaining said magnet vinits normalposition, anactuator common to all of saidtype-'bars kconnected with saidmagnetandarranged to operate any selected type-bar, a seriesofkeys,

` and means controlled by any one of said keys any selected type-barwith said actuator, and

means controlled by said keys for energizing saidrotatable,electro-magnet When any typebar has been connected'yvith saidactuator.y

lll. In a machine of the class described, the-combination, Withjatypebar,of an actuator therefor, a rotating shaftA armature, .arotatable electro-magnet arranged inprox-` imity toy said shaftarmature, means'fyield-A ingly yretaining said magnetv in its :normalposition, and permitting it Whenfenergizedv to ,move-into,l contact Withsaid armature and to be rotated therewith, and meansconnected with saidymagnet for actuatingthe type-bar actuator...

1.5.'In a machine of the class described, the combination, with a typebar and an acf tuator therefor, of a rotating shaft arma-y ture, arotatable electroanagnet arranged in proximity to said shaft armature,`means yieldingly retaining said magnet initsnormal position andpermitting it Wheny energized to move into contact with said armatureand to be rotated therewith, means connectedwith said magnet foractuating the. j

type-bar actuator, means for closing a circuit "through said magnet, toenergize the same, and means for breaking they circuit through Vsaid`magnet after each operation ofthe type-bar. 'y f 16. In a machine ofthe class described, a type-bar actuator comprising in combina-l tion arotating shaft armature, a rotatable' electrounagnet arranged inproximity yto said shaft armature, and means for energizing saidelectro-magnet and causing it to rotate Y with said shaft armature.

17. In a machinerof the class described, the combination, with atype-bar and an acf tuator therefor, of a rotating shaftV arma-'Vy ture,a rotatable electro-magnet arranged in proximity to said shaft armature,and con'- nected with said type-bar actuator, and means for closing anelectirc circuit through said magnet. y i

ISL-The combination, with a rmovable cariis l riage, of a series of typebars arranged upon said Carriage, arotating shaft armature ar-' rangedupon said carriage, a rota-table elec-V tro-magnet arranged in proximityto said shaft armature, means connected With said rotatableelectro-magnet for operating said type-bars, a stationary keyboardprovided` with a series of keys, and means controlled by any one of saidkeys for energizing said electro-magnet.

19. The combination, With a movable type-carriage, of a series of typebars .arranged upon said carriage, a rotating shaft armature arrangedupon said carriage, a r0- tatable electro-magnet arranged inprof-:'imity to said shaft-armature, a type-bar actuator common to allof said type bars and actuated by said magnet, astat-ienary keyboardprovided with a series of keys, and electrical means, controlled by anyone of said keys for connecting saidtype bars With said common type-baractuator, and means controlled by said keys for energizing saidelectro-magnet. 1

20. The combination, With a type-carriage, and means supporting the sameand permitting both longitudinal and lateral movements thereof, of aseries vof type bars arranged upon said carriage, a rotating l shaftarmature arranged upon said carriage,

a type-bar actuator common to all of'said type bars, an electric clutchmember ar-V ranged to connect said actuator and said rotating shaftarmature, a` 'stationary keyboard provided with a series of keys, anelectrical means controlled by any one of said keys for eonnectingranyselected typebar with said common type-bar actuator, and means.controlled by said keys for energizing said clutch member.

21V. The combination, With a vmovablev type-carriage, a series of` typebars, a powerdriyen shaft, a type-bar aetuatoreommon to all of said typebars, and an electric: clutch arranged to connect said actuator withsaid power-driven shaft, all of said parts being mounted upon saidcarriage, of a stationary keyboard provided with Aa series of keys, andmeans controlled by said keys for connecting any selected type-bar Withsaid common type-bar actuator, and means controlled by said keys forenergizing said clutch. i y

In a machine of the class described, the combination, With a type-barand an actuator therefor, of a rotating shaft armature, a rotatableelectro-magnet arranged in proximity to said shaft armature, foractuating the type-bar actuator, means for clos-V ing the circuitthrough said magnet to energize the saine, means for breaking a circuitthrough said magnet after each operation of the type-bar, and means'forstopping the rotary movement of said magnet.

lnwitness whereof, I have hereunto set my hand this 26th day of April1917.

FERDINAND SATTERSTROM.

